In the last three decades, major capitals around the world have seen an increase in hot days over 35 degrees Celsius. According to a recent analysis by the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED), this trend is expected to continue in the future, driven by rising temperatures across Asia and a worsening climate crisis.
The 20 most populous cities in the world, with over 300 million residents, have experienced a 52% increase in days above 35 degrees Celsius over the past three decades. This alarming trend poses a threat to human health, economies, and infrastructure. As greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise, major cities are facing more frequent hot days, exacerbated by the urban heat island effect caused by replacing natural land with buildings and roads.
Asian cities, home to half of the world’s most populous capitals, have experienced the most significant temperature increases. Recent heatwaves in Southeast Asia, China, and India highlight the vulnerability of Asia to climate risks due to its large population, poverty, and low-lying areas prone to natural disasters.
One city that has recorded the highest number of days above 35 degrees Celsius in the past three decades is New Delhi, India. The city has experienced a 44% increase in such days from 2014 to 2023, putting pressure on the power grid and energy supply system. Residents of cities like New Delhi and Jakarta are experiencing longer periods of high temperatures, impacting their daily lives and livelihoods.
Extreme heat poses serious risks to vulnerable populations without access to cooling spaces. Heat-related deaths among homeless people have been on the rise in cities like New Delhi, highlighting the urgent need for adaptation and mitigation measures. The economic consequences of extreme heat are significant too; including damage to crops
